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THE DICTIONARY VORTARO
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“La Vortaro”Pilger: “BER”Bick: “Esperanto-dansk”
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The negation
Ne - not
Mi ne estas juna. - I'm not young
Ne, mi ne volas. - no, I don't want
La hundo ne volas veni.
Ne stands in front of the negated word. This is usually the verb, but ne can also negate other words.
Mi manĝas ne pomon, sed piron. - I'm eating not an apple, but a pear
For negation one can also use the correlative NENI-words.
Mi komprenas nenion. - I understand nothing.
Mi neniam estis tie. - I was never there.
NENI-words always negate the whole sentence. A double negative can make the sentence positive.
Mi ne faras nenion. - I am not doing nothing. (I am doing something)
Mi ne povas ne veni. - I cannot help but come.
Sometimes after another negative word, we use the conjunction nek, which means "nor".
Mi ne vidis lin, nek lian patron. - I did not see him, nor his father.
Neniu leciono nek prelego plaĉis al ŝi. - No lesson or lecture pleased her.
A double nek means "neither...nor".
Mi vidis nek lin, nek lian patron. - I saw neither him, nor his father.
Mi ŝatas nek drinki nek fumi. - I neither like to drink nor to smoke.
*You will find more NENI-words in Correlatives.
More detailed explanations
Read here.
Exercises